
I know, bad pun. But FX Harsono: Testimonies is my first fave exhibit this year. It only takes up two galleries at SAM but you get a sense of an entire four decades worth of an artistic trajectory within a very vivid social milieu.
(Really, it’s a step in the right direction for a contemporary SAM, with solo shows by Ming Wong and Vincent Leow next. Yay! No group survey shows for now!)
Encapsulated in the 18 works that make up this retrospective is Indonesian-Chinese artist FX Harsono’s life-work.
Quick intro. If you want a peg, he’s probably the equivalent of Ai Wei Wei in China or Tang Da Wu in Singapore.
In 1975, he and fellow mavericks in the Indonesian art scene set up the Gerakan Seni Rupa Baru (New Art Movement) that caused old fogey/conservative art critics to go WTF?!
True story. They were reacting to what they deemed as a “Western” monopoly of artistic techniques in Indonesia (paintings, sculptures, etc). So they opted for found objects, installation, etc. Which Francis Xavier Harsono pursued, while playing cat-and-mouse with, early on, Suharto authorities, as most of his works are politically loaded.

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IMPRESSIONS
The first thing that struck me in the show is how simple yet effective Harsono’s approach is, something that I guess can only come with enough time to amass, develop, question and theoretically build upon one’s very creative philosophies. Not, I would hazard a guess, from simply completing one’s MFA.
His objects of practice are easily identifiable and stand out — Javanese masks, a toy gun, needles, butterflies – but always in measured deference to a particular piece’s project. It’s never flamboyant.
And this tug-of-war between such simplicity and the issues his works respond to (political repression, press censorship, racial discrimination, etc) (in a particular work or in a dialogue with an adjacent one) create a beautiful tension.
One, for example, could be disturbed or enraged by a piece like Burned Victims, a row of burnt wooden torsos laid out in a row slightly suspended as if hanging from a torture rack (based on 1998 events where a riot mob sealed all exits of a mall and set it on fire). But next to it is a quieter piece like Voice Without Voice / Sign – a set of paintings of the word DEMOKRASI done in sign language.

I plan to make return trips to this exhibit and maybe write more. But in the meantime, here’s the interview I did with him.
Killer quote: “the government’s not smart enough to understand art issues or art metaphors.”
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QUESTIONS
As an artist in Indonesia, do you find it hard to get away from politics?
Yes and no. I mean, yes because during the Suharto era, only a few (of us) artists used political themes as a base for our artistic work. Maybe because it was also dangerous to engage in political issues, because artists can be arrested and jailed. Some writers in Indonesia, and also theatre (people) like (playwright WS) Rendra and some artists also went to jail. That’s also scary for me. But also, fortunately, the government’s not smart enough to understand art issues or art metaphors.
You’re one of the leaders in contemporary art in Indonesia. What has changed these past four decades?
Now, the young artists are more interested in urban issues, big city issues. Some are also still interested in socio-political issues. That’s good. But I feel that (of the) young artists who engage in socio-political issues, only a few really understand what the situation is, the cultural change and everything. But some young artists who work with urban culture, they’re very interesting.
Who would you say are these notable ones?
Eko Nugroho, Jompet, and also Agus Suwage – he’s not very young, but he’s younger than me and very interesting. And also very young artists in Bandung.
What about the market buzz over Indonesia, has that helped?
Yes, because now in Indonesia, the government doesn’t care about art. There’s still no infrastructure for the arts. So who is the person who takes care of the artists and art, and show (them) in international events? Just the market and the galleries. Like this solo show in SAM, that’s also because of one commercial gallery in Djogjakarta, Langgang Gallery, that had a passion to show Indonesian artists in an international event. The owner is very concerned with Indonesian art, to try to bring the art to international events. And that’s good. Because the market, commercial galleries, the private galleries, understand that if the artists are not represented internationally, that means the market is only local.
Don’t you get irritated that these young ones have it easy nowadays, while you had to go through a number of difficulties while creating art?
I think everybody has their own conditions, own situations. Now it’s very easy to go into the international market, it’s okay for me. But I also get my situation and my conditions. As a person who made a change in Indonesia, the younger artists also respect me. That’s also good for me.
You started off reacting against “Western” forms like painting. But in this show, you’ve gone back to painting. Why is that?
The concept of that painting is not that of painting as traditional painting. I keep saying this is not a real painting. I have a photograph and I used the projector – it’s a reproduction of a digital image into (canvas). But people say, no, you are so brave to say that this is not a painting.
When you look at the development of most artists (even in other areas like, say rock music), there always seems to be a kind of toning down as one gets older. Of going from more overt social preoccupations to more personal concerns, like your investigation of your identity as an Indonesian of Chinese ethnic origins. Is that the usual thing when you get older?
I don’t know about that, but I’m thinking it’s not because of age but because of social and cultural change. I’m starting to ask about what I want to do now. And I found the problem of myself.
And some people say it’s the politics of your self, that’s reflecting political issues. You look inside but you see the social and political issues.
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CURATORIAL COINCIDENCE?
On a final note, given Pak Harsono’s progressive leanings (at least to be gleaned from his works), I found it amusing that the two main pieces that introduce the two separate galleries brought to my mind two famous quotes from Mao Zedong.
Here’s the installation Paling Top `75.

(”Political power comes from the barrel of gun” — in an ironic way?)
And here’s Bon Appetit.

(”The revolution is not a dinner party”?)
Tags: FX Harsono, Indonesian art, Singapore Art Museum